London in “Composed Upon Westminster Bridge” and “London” Essay

William Blake and William Wordsworth were both key figures of the amative era. Characterized by its emphasis on passion, emotion and creativity, the romantic Movement occurred in Europe in the late eighteenth, and early nineteenth centuries. Blakes capital of the United Kingdom(1794) and Wordsworths Composed upon Westminster straddle(1803) are good examples of poems from the Romantic era, as both poets share a sense of emotional involvement in their works.However, similarities between the deuce do not extend beyond their vernacular theme capital of the United Kingdom. Blakes dark and bitter portrayal of the city contrasts sharply with Wordsworths awe-struck account of a sunrise viewed from Westminster Bridge. Contrasts can be found in all aspects of the two poems, and both poets put ond a variety of techniques to effectively depict their very different feelings closely the sights and sounds of capital of the United Kingdom.The tone in Blakes London is one of bitterness and neg ativity, with him using such words as weakness and woe. The theme of the poem is a wide description of London, but withal specifically focuses upon the people and how they live their lives. The kind-hearted aspect of the poem is introduced early on with in every face. The poet has a very subtle draw close at getting his message of corruption across to the reader, but the feeling that is received from the poem is one of a strong nature.London consists of four quatrains (four government note alternately rhyming stanzas), with relatively short lines, emphasising the lack of embellishment and emotion in the poem. There is a rigid structure and rhyme scheme passim the poem. The rhyme scheme is clear (ABAB CDCD EFEF GHGH) and the rhyme itself is strong, rhyming such words as curse and hearse together, thus corresponding with Blakes harsh views on London life. Blake uses iambic pentameter, except for the third quatrain, where dactylic pentameter is used instead. This pass alongs the poem a strong and steady meter as it is read, which helps to emphasise the monotony and duty of the lives Blake describes.The actors line is relatively easy to understand, and is not archaic, for example in every city of every man. However, some language is used that is not in use in the present day e.g. woe, blights and harlot. The language is surprisingly accessible for a poem that was written over two hundred eld ago. M any(prenominal) emotive words are used such as cry, fear, blood and plagues. Use of the word plague would have been peculiarly strong at the time of writing, as the poem was written only 150 years after the Great Plague itself. Blake uses lots of adjectives e.g. youthful woman of the street and hapless soldier, giving a clear picture of what he thinks London is about.The mental imagery that is used is mainly human, hapless soldiers sigh for example. When reading the poem, a clear picture is depicted of London without referring directly to London, but instead through the description of people and sounds. Lots of sound imagery is used I hear is mentioned twice, the word cry is repeated three times and thither is a soldiers sigh. Also, by describing the human attitude, Blake leads the reader to infer that London is not a very nice place, because, for example, there are youthful harlots, which demonstrate how innocent youth has been corrupted by the city. This is also evident when it says every infants cry of fear. The soldiers sigh, which runs on blood down palace walls is Blakes expression of exposing the guilt and responsibility of the wealthy (palace), ruling classes.Repetition is used a lot every is used five times, to emphasise the negative situation that Blake is alluding to is far-flung and affects everyone. The use of the word cry three times to stress sadness and desperation of the situation. The repetition of lines five to seven ensures that the reader is aware of the seriousness of the situation Blake is describing. The punc tuation in the poem is quite uncomplicated. Stanzas end with an end stopped line. Full stops and commas are used widely, but no exclamation marks. simplistic punctuation and lack of embellishment adds to the cold, realistic portrait of Blakes London. An elision is an omission of letters to aid rhythm. Blake uses a lot of elisions I wander thro , distributively chartd street . This demonstrates the importance of rigid structure and rhythm to the sense of this poem.In Wordsworths Composed Upon Westminster Bridge the tone is positive and there is a sense of awe and respect for the city demonstrated by the use of such words as majesty and nobleness in the poem. The universal theme of the poem is again of London, but this time focussing on aestheticism, nature and architecture, which can be seen from the view from Westminster Bridge at dawn.Composed Upon Westminster Bridge is a sonnet. The rhyme scheme used is ABBA ABBA DEDEDE. The rhyme is generally clear and regular, although Wo rdsworth does use para-rhyme in lines two and three shadowy would he be of intelligence who could pass byA sight so touching in its majestyAlthough the rhyme scheme is regular, Composed Upon Westminster Bridge does not feature any apparent rhythm pattern, and the poem has an almost prose- akin prime(a), which makes the reader think of the born(p), flowing, harmonious images Wordsworth is describing.Wordsworths language is in places quite old fashionedThis city straight doth, like a garment ,wearThe beauty of the morningThe language is also more elaborate than Blakes, for example, Blakes Thames does flow, whereas according to WordsworthThe river glideth at his own beatific willWordsworths language is also very emotive e.g. majesty, splendour and mighty heart, and he uses a lot of adjectives, e.g. smokeless straining, bright and glittering. Wordsworth uses a lot of natural imagery in the poem e.g. Earth has not a thing to show more evenhandedly, the beauty of the morning, the f ields and the sky. This helps to convey a sense of harmony between the urban and the natural. Further, through personification and pathetic fallacy, Wordsworth is up to(p) to give human marks to the city, adding to the sense that London is a living organism, a part of the natural environment. Personification is evident in lines four to fiveThis city doth, like a garment, wearThe beauty of the morningIn lines nine to tenNever did sun more beautifully steepin his first splendourIn line thirteen the very houses seem asleep. In the last line of the poem, Wordsworth speaks of the mighty heart of the city, which further adds to the sense that London is a living organism. Pathetic fallacy can be seen in line twelve, The river glideth at his own sweet will.Wordsworth uses a lot of enjambmentDull would he be of soul who could pass byA sight so touching in its majestyThis lends a smooth, flowing and gentle quality to the poem, and supports the emphasis placed upon nature in the poem. Simil es are also used, e.g. the morning is described as being like a garment. In this way, Wordsworth is able to detract from the commonly held idea that London is grim and threatening, and instead promote the idea that the city is friend trickeryr and more harmonised with nature. Wordsworth also uses contrasts to emphasise this harmonyShips, towers, domes , theatres, and temples lieOpen unto the fields, and to the sky.Use of punctuation in this poem is very interesting. Wordsworth only uses one full stop throughout, preferring instead semi-colons and commas, all of which help the poem to run smoothly. The poem also features three exclamation marks, which help to exaggerate the central idea. This effect is amplified by the inclusion of the expression Dear God. alone this helps Wordsworth to express how strongly he feels about London.The differences between these two poems are clear. For example, whereas Blakes tone is dark and bitter, Wordsworths is awe-struck and celebratory. Differenc es also arise in name of the theme or central idea of each poem. London deals with the human aspect of the city. It is set at night, and virtually ignores the environment of London. In this way, Blake is able to suck up the effect the city has on its people, and, by leaving the city itself undescribed, emphasises its position as a cold, uncaring place. In contrast, Wordsworth focuses entirely on the aesthetics of London at dawn, and the relationship between the urban environment and nature. By removing the human aspect of the city, Wordsworth can ignore the difficult lives of its people (as described by Blake) and scale down solely on the physical and natural aspects instead (note the smokeless air).The two poems are also structured differently, and feature variations in terms of rhythm and rhyme. Composed Upon Westminster Bridge is a sonnet, with a generally clear rhyme scheme and no apparent rhythm pattern. By using a oneness stanza, and an almost prose-like style, Wordsworth is able to express a flowing, smooth quality, mirroring the free, unrestrained natural aspects he deals with in the poem. London, on the other hand, features four quatrains, and is rigidly structured in terms of rhythm and rhyme. This allows Blake to highlight the monotony of the lives he discusses in the poem, and reflects the sense of duty and lack of free will involved in the struggles faced by the citys inhabitants (note the inclusion of a soldier, some one with no control over his own life).Blakes language is generally simple and easily comprehensible. By avoiding the elaborate language preferred by Wordsworth, Blake emphasises the lack of hope or joy in his city. Wordsworth, in contrast, favours a very snarly style of language, which adds to the celebratory mood of the poem. In both cases, the poets use language to effectively convey their opinions about London. Also, both poets use a lot of adjectives, which is characteristic of the involved, creative style of the Romantics. Imagery is central to both poems.However, Blake and Wordsworth use different methods to create a detailed picture of London for the reader. Wordsworth chooses to concentrate on natural, acquainted(predicate) images, and through the personification of these natural images, gives London a softer, less threatening identity. Blake chooses to paint a picture of London by describing the sounds which can be heard, and by giving details of the people that live there. Interestingly, Blake is able to give a very comprehensive image of London, without discussing the city directly. In this way, London is portrayed as nothing more then an influence on its people. Blake, unlike Wordsworth, does not see the city as an organism in its own right, and this is emphasised by his use of imagery.Finally, literary devices both Blake and Wordsworth employ clever use of literary techniques to aid the expression of their feelings towards London. Wordsworth uses enjambment to give Composed Upon Westminster Bridge a flowing, natural feel, and punctuation is used to maximise the celebratory tone (i.e. only one full-stop, use of exclamation marks). Blake uses repetition to emphasise his idea of the monotonous hardship and trouble of the people of London. His use of simple, unembellished punctuation helps to further convey this idea, by highlighting the rigidity and restriction which govern the lives of Londons inhabitants. Elisions are ofttimes employed to aid the rhythm, which demonstrates the importance of a rigid structure to the sense of London, in complete contrast with Composed Upon Westminster Bridge.Although London and Composed Upon Westminster Bridge both deal with the subject of London at a similar time in history, they share very little common ground beyond this. Blakes grim, desperate city seems a million miles away from Wordsworths elaborate celebration of a city at dawn. Although both poets use similar techniques to express their very different feelings about the sights an d sounds of London, these techniques, such as imagery and literary devices, give different effects in each poem, depending on how they have been used. These two poems may seem to be very similar, but Blake and Wordsworth have used lots of different methods to demonstrate beyond doubt their very different feelings about the sights and sounds of London.